* Transforming solar energy in the solar kiln of 1000 kW power, with parabolic mirrors into heat (to 4000 K) and using obtained heat to thermal decomposition of water (water thermolysis 2500 degC)
* Bacteria usage for the anaerobic decomposition of biomass.
Fermentative H2 production:
C6H12O6 + 2 H2O = CH3COOH + 2 CO2 + 4 H2- yield: 0.5 m3 H2 / kg carbohydrate- thermodynamically unfavourable as H2 concentartion rises
property of many species of bacteria, particularly Clostridia
dark, anaerobic process
carbohydrates are favoured substrate
involves hydrogenase
produces CO2
maximum H2 yield with acetate as fermentation product Unit cost of fermentative H 2 from sugar cane 0.26 DM/kWh (Tanisho,1996).Unit cost for wind-powered electrolysis plants 0.5-0.2 DM/kWh (Dutton et al., 2000)
download PDF @:http://www.h2net.org.uk/Pubs/Pubs.htm#Reports_
* Photoreduction of water by means of microorganisms.
Cyanobacteria and green algae
use water as substrate, so O2 produced, which must be separated as O2 inhibits H2 production by nitrogenase
H2 production also inhibited by N2 so an argon, low-pressure or nitrogen-fixing environment must be provided
efficiency (defined as energy yield from burning H2 per unit input light energy) is currently < href="http://www.ornl.gov/divisions/ctd/march2.htm">
Renewable energy sources (PDF): aes.pdf - eBook: Alternative Energy Sources by Jakub Pusz
Biohydrogen production pathways (indirect via photosysthesis and direct via alga mutant):
Fermentative H2 production:
C6H12O6 + 2 H2O = CH3COOH + 2 CO2 + 4 H2- yield: 0.5 m3 H2 / kg carbohydrate- thermodynamically unfavourable as H2 concentartion rises
property of many species of bacteria, particularly Clostridia
dark, anaerobic process
carbohydrates are favoured substrate
involves hydrogenase
produces CO2
maximum H2 yield with acetate as fermentation product Unit cost of fermentative H 2 from sugar cane 0.26 DM/kWh (Tanisho,1996).Unit cost for wind-powered electrolysis plants 0.5-0.2 DM/kWh (Dutton et al., 2000)
download PDF @:http://www.h2net.org.uk/Pubs/Pubs.htm#Reports_
* Photoreduction of water by means of microorganisms.
Cyanobacteria and green algae
use water as substrate, so O2 produced, which must be separated as O2 inhibits H2 production by nitrogenase
H2 production also inhibited by N2 so an argon, low-pressure or nitrogen-fixing environment must be provided
efficiency (defined as energy yield from burning H2 per unit input light energy) is currently < href="http://www.ornl.gov/divisions/ctd/march2.htm">
Renewable energy sources (PDF): aes.pdf - eBook: Alternative Energy Sources by Jakub Pusz
Biohydrogen production pathways (indirect via photosysthesis and direct via alga mutant):
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